Teeth whitening

Teeth whitening is a cosmetic treatment that lightens the colour of the natural teeth using a peroxide-based gel. It can be carried out in the clinic or with a dentist-supplied kit for use at home, where custom trays hold the gel against the teeth. The aim is to lighten staining and discolouration of the natural tooth surface.

It is a cosmetic measure rather than a treatment for a dental problem, and it is sensible to have any dental issues checked first so the teeth and gums are healthy before whitening is considered.

The gel works by breaking down stains within the tooth, which can make the teeth appear lighter. How much difference it makes varies from person to person, depending on the starting shade and the cause of the discolouration. Some kinds of discolouration respond less than others.

Importantly, whitening only affects natural tooth structure. It does not change the colour of fillings, crowns, veneers or other restorations, so these may look different afterwards. The effect is also not permanent and can fade over time depending on diet and habits.

Whitening supervised by a dentist includes an assessment of whether it is suitable for you and your teeth. Some people experience temporary sensitivity during or after whitening, which usually settles. A dentist can advise on managing this and on whether whitening is appropriate in your case.

Because suitability and results differ between individuals, a check-up and discussion beforehand is the sensible starting point rather than assuming a particular outcome.

Dentist-supervised whitening is generally offered in two main ways. In-clinic whitening is carried out at the practice, while a home approach uses custom-made trays and a gel supplied by the dentist for you to use at home as directed. Some plans combine the two.

Each approach has its place, and what suits depends on the individual, the teeth and personal preference. A dentist can explain the options and how they differ, so a choice can be made with the full picture rather than on assumptions.

Some people notice temporary sensitivity during or after whitening, which usually settles on its own. A dentist can advise on ways to reduce it and on whether to pause or adjust the approach if it occurs.

Because whitening is not permanent, the shade can gradually fade, influenced by things like coffee, tea, red wine and smoking. Good daily cleaning helps, and some people choose to top up later under a dentist's guidance.